References

DENTAL CARIES

1. Early childhood caries: epidemiology, aetiology, and prevention

2. Sugars and dental caries: evidence for setting a recommended threshold for intake

3. Improving oral health with fluoride-free calcium-phosphate-based biomimetic toothpastes: an update of the clinical evidence

4. Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents

5. Fluoride toothpastes of different concentrations for preventing dental caries

6. Fluoride dentifrice ingestion and fluorosis of the permanent incisors

7. Fluoride toothpaste efficacy and safety in children younger than 6 years: a systematic review

8. Fluoride intake through dental care products: a systematic review

9. Factors affecting the ingestion of fluoride dentifrice by children

10. Development of a standardized method for comparing fluoride ingested from toothpaste by 1.5±3.5-year-old children in seven European countries. Part 2: ingestion results

11. Guidelines on the use of fluoride for caries prevention in children: an updated EAPD policy document

12. American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs. Fluoride toothpaste use for young children

13. Use of toothpaste and toothbrushing among children and adolescents- United States, 2013-2016

14. Doses of fluoride toothpaste for children up to 24 months

15. Influence of the amount of toothpaste on cleaning efficacy: an in vitro study

16. Contemporary perspective on plaque control

17. Controversy: the evolving science of fluoride: when new evidence doesn't conform with existing beliefs

18. National Toxicology Program

NTP Board of Scientific Counselors Working Group Report on the Draft State of the Science Monograph and the Draft Meta-Analysis Manuscript on Fluoride (2023)

 

HYDROXYAPATITE/Remineralization

19. Clinical evidence of caries prevention by hydroxyapatite: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

20. The use of hydroxyapatite toothpaste to prevent dental caries

21. Effect of apatite-containing dentifrices on dental caries in school children

22. Nanomaterials in preventive dentistry

23. Biomimetic action of zinc hydroxyapatite on remineralization of enamel and dentin: a review

24. Ca2+ release and buffering effects of synthetic hydroxyapatite following bacterial acid challenge

25. Clinical evidence of biomimetic hydroxyapatite in oral care products for reducing dentin hypersensitivity: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

26. On the application of calcium phosphate micro- and nanoparticles as food additive

27. Hydroxyapatite in oral care products—a review

28. Impact of a non-fluoridated microcrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrice on enamel caries progression in highly caries-susceptible orthodontic patients: a randomized, controlled 6-month trial

29. Impact of a toothpaste with microcrystalline hydroxyapatite on the occurrence of early childhood caries: a 1- year randomized clinical trial

30. Caries-preventing effect of a hydroxyapatite-toothpaste in adults: a 18-month double-blinded randomized clinical trial

31. Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite and ozone on approximal initial caries: a randomized clinical trial

32. Overview on adjunct ingredients used in hydroxyapatite-based oral care products

33. Clinical evidence of biomimetic hydroxyapatite in oral care products for reducing dentin hypersensitivity: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

34. Advanced non-fluoride approaches to dental enamel remineralization: the next level in enamel repair management

35. Overview of calcium phosphates used in biomimetic oral care

36. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite and caries prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis

37. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institute of Health Study Quality Assessment Tools (2024)

38. The international caries detection and assessment system (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries

39. Hydroxyapatite-based solution as adjunct treatment for biofilm management: an in situ study

40. Comparison of the effects of toothpastes containing nanohydroxyapatite and fluoride on white spot lesions in orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial

41. Remineralization of early caries by a nano-hydroxyapatite dentifrice

42. A comparative efficacy of a hydroxyapatite and a fluoride toothpaste for prevention and remineralization of dental caries in children

43. Anti-caries evaluation of a nano-hydroxyapatite dental lotion for use after toothbrushing: an in situ study

44. Re- and demineralization characteristics of dentin depending on fluoride application and baseline characteristics in situ

45. Remineralization of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) with a hydroxyapatite toothpaste: an in-situ study

46. The situ potential of synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite for tooth enamel repair

47. Influence of a mouthwash containing hydroxyapatite microclusters on bacterial adherence in situ

48. Efficacy of a mouthrinse based on hydroxyapatite to reduce initial bacterial colonisation in situ

49. Adhesion of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to dental materials under oral conditions

50. Modification of in situ biofilm formation on titanium by a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle-based solution

51. Direct and indirect effects of different dentifrices on the initial bacterial colonization of enamel in situ overnight

52. Hydroxyapatite as Remineralization Agent for Children's Dental Care 

53. Cariogenic Biofilms: development, Properties, and Biomimetic Preventive Agents

54. Clinical evidence of caries prevention by hydroxyapatite: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. 

55. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite and caries prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)

56. Nano-hydroxyapatite and its applications in preventive, restorative and regenerative dentistry: a review of literature (2014)

57. Remineralization potential of fully demineralized dentin infiltrated with silica and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

58. Reconsidering remineralization strategies to include nanoparticle hydroxyapatite.

59. Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite concentration on remineralization of initial enamel lesion in vitro (2009)

60. Remineralization Potential of Nano-Hydroxyapatite on Initial Enamel Lesions: An in vitro Study (2011)

61. Combined Effects of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and NaF on Remineralization of Early Caries Lesion

62. Effectiveness of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste in reducing dentin hypersensitivity: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

63. Comparison of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Sodium Fluoride Mouthrinse for Remineralization of Incipient Carious Lesions

64. Remineralization Potential of New Toothpaste Containing Nano-Hydroxyapatite

65. Enamel remineralization and repair results of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpaste on deciduous teeth: an effective option to fluoride toothpaste (2019)

66. Comparison of hydroxyapatite and fluoride oral care gels for remineralization of initial caries: a pH-cycling study (2020)

67. Enamel remineralization and repair results of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpaste on deciduous teeth: an effective option to fluoride toothpaste (2019)

68. Comparison of hydroxyapatite and fluoride oral care gels for remineralization of initial caries: a pH-cycling study (2020)

69. Enamel and dentine remineralization by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes

70. Remineralization of early caries by a nano-hydroxyapatite dentifrice

71. Synthetic Biomimetic Carbonate-Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals for Enamel Remineralization (2008)

72. Effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on enamel remineralization and estimation of fissure sealant bond strength to remineralized tooth surfaces: an in vitro study

73. Fabrication and characterization of remineralizing dental composites containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

74. Comparative efficacy of a hydroxyapatite and a fluoride toothpaste for prevention and remineralization of dental caries in children

75. In vitro determination of the remineralizing potential and cytotoxicity of non-fluoride dental varnish containing bioactive glass, eggshell, and eggshell membrane

76. Comparative efficacy of a hydroxyapatite and a fluoride toothpaste for prevention and remineralization of dental caries in children

Nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste ingredient for teeth remineralization and sensitivity

77. Nano Hydroxyapatite Powder

78. Bionic effects of nano hydroxyapatite dentifrice on demineralised surface of enamel post orthodontic debonding: in-vivo split mouth study

79. Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite concentration on remineralization of initial enamel lesion in vitro. 

80. Enamel and dentine remineralization by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes. 

81. Comparative study of nanohydroxyapatite microspheres for medical applications. 

82.  Innovative macroporous granules of nanostructured-hydroxyapatite agglomerates: Bioactivity and osteoblast-like cell behaviour. 

83. The Effect of Brushing Time and Dentifrice on Dental Plaque Removal in vivo. 

84. Toothbrushing and flossing behaviour in young adults—a video observation. 

 

Fluidinova/NanoXIM Studies

85. Effectiveness of nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste in reducing dentin hypersensitivity: A double-blind randomized controlled trial (Study conducted with a toothpaste containing 15% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 2,325% nHA)

86. Comparative Evaluation of Effect of Nanohydroxyapatite and 8% Arginine Containing Toothpastes in Managing Dentin Hypersensitivity: Double Blind Randomized
Clinical Trial

(Study conducted with a toothpaste containing 6.5% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 1% nHA)

87. Tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide and nano-hydroxyapatite: A 9-month follow-up randomized clinical trial

(Study conducted with a product containing 13% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 2% nHA)

88. A Comparison of Clinical Efficacy of Dentifrices Containing Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate, Nanoparticle Hydroxyapatite and a Dentifrice Containing Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium
89. Phosphate on Dentinal Hypersensitivity - A Comparative Triple Blind Randomized Study

(Study conducted with a toothpaste containing 6.5% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 1% nHA)

90. Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of a new Desensitizing Tooth Paste Containing Nano-crystalline Hydroxyapatite in Dentine Hypersensitivity Patients : A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (Study conducted with a toothpaste containing 6.5% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 1% nHA)

91. Reducing dentine hypersensitivity with nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

(Study conducted with a product containing 13% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 2% nHA)

92. Evaluation of Dentifrice Containing Nano-hydroxyapatite for Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial

(Study conducted with a toothpaste containing 6.5% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 1% nHA)

93. Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of a new Desensitizing Tooth Paste Containing Nano-crystalline Hydroxyapatite in Dentine Hypersensitivity Patients : A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (Study conducted with a toothpaste containing 6.5% nanoXIM.CarePaste, i.e. 1% nHA)

 

SENSITIVITY

94. Synthesis methods for nanosized hydroxyapatite with diverse structures

95. Effects of Dentifrice Containing Hydroxyapatite on Dentinal Tubule Occlusion and Aqueous Hexavalent Chromium Cations Sorption: A Preliminary Study

96. Reducing dentine hypersensitivity with nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

97. Comparing the effectiveness of four desensitizing toothpastes on dentinal tubule occlusion: A scanning electron microscope analysis. 

98. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites as thermoresponsive filling materials on dentinal surface and tubules. 

Reduction in Dental Hypersensitivity with Nano-Hydroxyapatite, Potassium Nitrate, Sodium Monoflurophosphate and Antioxidants. 

99. Enamel remineralization and repair results of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite toothpaste on deciduous teeth: an effective option to fluoride toothpaste

100. Treating cervical dentin hypersensitivity with fluoride varnish

101. Managing dentin hypersensitivity. 

102. Diagnosis and treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.

103. Enhancement of nano-hydroxyapatite bonding to dentin through a collagen/calcium dual-affinitive peptide for dentinal tubule occlusion. 

104. Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity. 

105. Effect of a Nano-Hydroxyapatite Paste on Bleaching-Related Tooth Sensitivity

106. Comparison of efficacy of three different desensitizing agents for in-office relief of dentin hypersensitivity: A 4 weeks clinical study

 

WHITENING

107. Tooth Whitening Effect of Toothpastes Containing Nano-Hydroxyapatite

108. Whitening effect and morphological evaluation of hydroxyapatite materials 

109. Whitening Effects of a Novel Oral Care Gel with Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite: A 4-Week Observational Pilot Study

110. Evaluation of the effects of whitening toothpaste containing nanohydroxyapatite on surface roughness and color change in restorative materials

111. Tooth whitening with an experimental toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

112. Effect of different concentrations of nanohydroxyapatite on tooth bleaching effectiveness and enamel bond strength

113. In Vitro Whitening Effect of a Hydroxyapatite-Based Oral Care Gel

114. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Tooth Bleaching with Hydrogen Peroxide and Nano-Hydroxyapatite: A Scientific Literature Review

115. Tooth Whitening with Hydroxyapatite: A Systematic Review

 

SAFETY

116. SCCS Final decision Summary

117.  SCCS Final Report

118. Fluidinova SCCS Page

119. Nanohydroxyapatite in dentistry: A comprehensive review - ScienceDirect

120. Nano-hydroxyapatite in oral care cosmetics: characterization and cytotoxicity assessment

121. Can nano-hydroxyapatite permeate the oral mucosa? A histological study using three-dimensional tissue models

122. Therapeutic Effects of Nano-HAp in a Rat Model of AlCl3 Induced Neurotoxicity 

123.Hydroxyapatite nano and microparticles: Correlation of particle properties with cytotoxicity and biostability. 

124. Cytotoxicity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles is shape and cell dependent

125. Evaluation of cytotoxic effects and oxidative stress with hydroxyapatite dispersions of different physicochemical properties in rat NR8383 cells and primary macrophages

126. Review of potential health risks associated with nanoscopic calcium phosphate. 

127. Hydroxyapatite nano and microparticles: Correlation of particle properties with cytotoxicity and biostability. 

128. Cytotoxicity of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles is shape and cell dependent. 

129. Evaluation of cytotoxic effects and oxidative stress with hydroxyapatite dispersions of different physicochemical properties in rat NR8383 cells and primary macrophages.

130. Fate of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles during dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal digestion: the impact of milk as a matrix

 

WATER FLUORIDATION

Fluoride Action Network (FAN)

FAN Studies

TSCA Trial Timeline

Judge Chen Ruling (see attached)

NTP Report Press Release

NTP Report FINAL

Cochrane Report

 

ORAL MICROBIOME

The Human Oral Microbiome

Oral microbiome and health

Defining the healthy "core microbiome" of oral microbial communities

Evidence and therapeutic perspectives in the relationship between the oral microbiome and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review

The oral microbiome in health and its implication in oral and systemic diseases

Progress in oral microbiome related to oral and systemic diseases: an update

Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review

Systematic review and meta-analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma associated oral microbiome

Association of oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Meta‐analysis of caries microbiome studies can improve upon disease prediction outcomes

A meta-analysis of the effect of binge drinking on the oral microbiome and its relation to Alzheimer's disease

Human gut, breast, and oral microbiome in breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prognostic impact of oral microbiome on survival of malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Meta-analysis of oral microbiome reveals sex-based diversity in biofilms during periodontitis

Periodontitis and the microbiome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Oral microflora and pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

XYLITOL

Xylitol in preventing dental caries: A systematic review and meta-analyses

Oral and Systemic Effects of Xylitol Consumption

Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Xylitol in Caries Prevention

Effects of xylitol and erythritol consumption on mutans streptococci and the oral microbiota: a systematic review

Effects of xylitol chewing gum and candies on the accumulation of dental plaque: a systematic review

Is xylitol effective in the prevention of dental caries? A systematic review

 

L-Arginine

Arginine and caries prevention: a systematic review

The effect of arginine on oral biofilm communities

Anti-caries effect of arginine-containing formulations in vivo: a systematic review and meta-analysis

A scoping review on arginine in caries prevention

A Broad Review On Arginine And Its Application In Dentistry.

Effectiveness of arginine-containing toothpastes in treating dentine hypersensitivity: a systematic review

 

GLYCERIN

Is Glycerin in Toothpaste Safe? Debunking the Myths and Misconceptions